Cross-posted from The Christian History Blog

When theologian George Kalantzis returned to the Wheaton College campus last fall after spending the summer in the Holy Land, he had a very pleasant surprise. While he was out of the country, two donors had approached the college administration about funding a program that would encourage interaction between Eastern Orthodoxy, Roman Catholicism, and Protestantism over their mutual legacy from the early church.

No one at Wheaton knew just how much these donors would fund, but George and his colleagues decided to dream big: they envisioned a Center for the Study of Early Christianity, with a vertically integrated program from undergraduate courses up through master's and doctoral studies.

Their big vision was rewarded.

Two physicians from San Diego, Frank and Julie Papatheofanis, have now made that dream possible. (Julie Papatheofanis is a Wheaton alum.) You can see the beginnings of this vision at the Wheaton Center for Early Christian Studies website.

Evangelical Christian interest in the early church has been growing for about 30 years. Much of the impetus for that interest can be traced to the work of the late Robert Webber, who was teaching at Wheaton in 1978 when he wrote Common Roots about the importance of the early church for evangelical life. “Without the work of Bob Webber, this would not be possible,” George told me over coffee in Wheaton’s Beamer Student Center. “He plowed the ground,” George continued, alluding to 1 Corinthians 3:6.

There seems to be a real hunger for the systematic study of the early church. Wheaton College has not yet begun to advertise this program and already, George says, he has close to 30 students engaged with it. On his desk are about 10 applications for the master's program, a similar number for the undergraduate certificate program, plus a number of students applying for the doctoral program (only one doctoral student can be accepted each year).

A handful of teachers at the conservative Protestant colleges and seminaries have specialized in patristics. Dan Williams at Baylor University is a leading light. Others George mentioned to me include Bradley Nassif at North Park University, Bryan Litfin at Moody Bible Institute, and Jeff Bingham at Dallas Theological Seminary.

Students interested in patristics can take courses here and there, but Wheaton is the first to offer such a concentrated and structured study opportunity.

What does George Kalantzis hope to accomplish? He is very clear that this should not be a nest from which students can swarm to Eastern Orthodoxy. It is not what the donors had in mind (although they are themselves Greek Orthodox). Instead, this program is about seeing the early church tradition as the common roots of evangelicals, Catholics, and Orthodox.

“By studying the early church,” George says, “we are studying about our commonalities much more than our differences.

“Our goal is to understand our common tradition, explore it, live with it, be with it, instead of just going back and plundering it—finding the eight quotes to justify whatever I want to do.”

One reason for George’s emphasis on the tradition we hold in common is his own biography. He was born in Greece in a Greek evangelical home. As a fourth-generation Greek evangelical, he is unwilling to surrender the Great Tradition to the Orthodox, as if it were their exclusive property.

The Tradition belongs to Protestants as well, he reminds us. Without the story of the early church, the Protestant Reformation would make no sense. The Reformers appealed to the pattern of the early church. We cannot be true Protestants without knowing that history.

A few other facts about George:

• He came to America to study medicine, but after his first year of medical school, he says, God opened his eyes to a different calling, the study of history and theology.

• He chose to do his doctoral work at Northwestern University in order to stay in Chicago and relate to the Greek evangelical community here. While at NU, he wrote his dissertation on Theodore of Mopsuestia’s Christology.

• After his doctoral work, he taught at Garrett Evangelical Seminary for 10 years. If you visit ratemyprofessor.com, you’ll see what his students thought about him. One student from 2006 wrote: “George is FABULOUS and his lectures are brilliant. He doesn't coddle anyone but has very high expectations.”
  

Well, we think Wheaton College and the Doctors Papatheofanis are FABULOUS for opening a new Center for the Study of Early Christianity. And we have very high expectations. Congratulations to all on a ground-breaking move.

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Image credit: Icon of the First Council of Nicaea via Wikimedia Commons.

Posted by David Neff at April 30, 2009 | Comments (7)

The Russian Orthodox Church has chosen a new patriarch: Metropolitan Kirill, who has been the interim leader of the Church since Alexy II’s death in December. “The election comes at a time of unprecedented popularity in Russia for the church” reports Radio Free Europe.

Kirill is the first patriarch to be elected since the fall of the USSR in 1991.

He is described as “a prominent and politically astute priest with a reputation as a modernizer” and “a politically savvy figure who may seek a more muscular role for the church.”

However, he has emphasized his own conservatism and the conservatism of the Russian Orthodox church in the run-up to the election, asserting in speeches that “I speak out categorically against any reforms," and “The defense of the spiritual borders of our Motherland and the preservation of unity, this in the task of the Russian Church.”

His relationship with the Catholic church will be closely watched; when Alexy II refused to see the Pope in 2007, it was Kirill who met with him. Many hope relations will continue to warm under his leadership.

While some consider Kirill the most independent of the candidates for patriarch, most assume he will have a close relationship with Russia’s politics—even if he helps the church regain some autonomy. “Ties between the Kremlin and the church will get tighter and tighter," Alexander Nezhny, a Russian writer who specializes in religion, told The Los Angeles Times. "Today the Russian Orthodox Church is the de facto state church, enjoying perks and advantages from the state. In the new era, this mutual penetration will be deeper."

Posted by Susan Wunderink at January 28, 2009 | Comments (0)

Philip Jenkins, one of today’s authorities on the global church’s past and future, has released another highly regarded—if sobering—account of Christianity outside the West. The Lost History of Christianity (Oxford, 2008) tells the winding story of the faith’s rise and fall in the Middle East and Central Asia, particularly in Mesopotamia, which became the center of the early church and its wide-reaching cross-cultural missions. The theologies practiced here, those of the Jacobites and Nestorians, were later considered heretical by the Christianized Roman Empire. Yet most of today’s dwindling Iraqi Christian population considers one of the strands its “spiritual ancestor,” says Jenkins in his most recent CT article, "Recovering Church History."

Jenkins sat down with Beliefnet editor (and CT contributor) Patton Dodd to talk about the book. Here are some of the most provocative excerpts:

On the Eastern church:

[The] Eastern world has a solid claim to be the direct lineal heir of the earliest New Testament Christianity. Throughout their history, the Eastern churches used Syriac, which is close to Jesus's own language of Aramaic, and they followed Yeshua, not Jesus. Everything about these churches runs so contrary to what we think we know. . . .

Just a suggestion. Perhaps we should think of these Eastern communities - the Nestorians and Jacobites - as the real survivors of ancient Christianity. In that case, the great Western churches we know, the Catholic and Orthodox, are the "alternative Christianities."

On early Christianity and Islam:

Christians survive perfectly well for centuries under Muslim regimes, and the relations between the two are often excellent. In fact, Islam borrows massively from those ancient Christian churches. They borrow a lot of the architectural styles of mosques, the worship practices, and customs like Lent, which becomes the Muslim Ramadan. In fact, if a sixth or seventh century Eastern Christian came back today, that person would probably feel more at home in a mosque than a typical Western church service. That comfort level might change once they explored the doctrines being taught, but the general atmosphere would be very similar. The more you look at these Eastern Christianities, the easier it is to understand that Islam and Christianity emerged as sister faiths.

On ‘dying’ religions:

We really don't know why religions die, and if they do, in what sense they might leave ghosts. One thing that strikes me is how much a dead religion influences its successor - how for instance the old Christianity left its mark on the successor faith of Islam.

Finally, there is a major theological issue that nobody addresses, the theology of extinction. How do Christians explain the death of their religion in a particular time and place? Is that really part of God's plan? Or maybe our time scale is just too short, and one day we will realize why this had to happen. But as I say, nobody is really discussing these questions.

Read the rest of the interview here, and share your reactions here.

Posted by Katelyn Beaty at January 7, 2009 | Comments (14)

"It's nice to note--for a change--Christians coming together," CT's managing editor, Mark Galli, wrote about the reunion of the Russian Orthodox Church and the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia. Writing in today's Wall Street Journal, Nadia Kizenko isn't so sure.

Posted by Ted Olsen at May 25, 2007 | Comments (1)

A long-standing and bitter division in Russian Orthodoxy has ended. An Associated Press article reports on how the the Russian Orthodox Church and the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia can now share pulpits and, more importantly, the Eucharist. The division occurred in the 1920, the church abroad accusing the national church of betrayal when it announced its loyalty to the communist government. Anyone who has followed Russian Orthodoxy knows how deeply divided these groups have been. It's nice to note--for a change--Christians coming together.

Posted by Mark Galli at May 17, 2007 | Comments (10)